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Listed below are the official Summit background papers. These papers have been generated for the Civil Society Forum Agenda at YES 2002, and continue to be useful tools for discussion and action planning for youth employment. The Background Papers highlight the issues of youth employment within specific contexts, and share "what works" in promoting youth employment in various areas of focus.

We graciously thank all the authors and the Regional UN Economic Commission for submitting their work.

Click on the following links to view:



PLENARY AND THEMATIC SESSIONS
State of Youth Employment
Author: Scope Marketing & Information Solutions

Building Entrepreneurial Culture for Social and Economic Development
Author: Ms. Susan Davis, International Board Selection Committee
Ashoka: Innovators for the Public



Sustainable Development and Youth Employment: A Case for Renewable Energy
Author: Ms. Poonam Ahluwalia

There is a crucial need to link the goals of employment creation and environmental conservation. While employment generation increases per capita income and improves livelihoods, environmental conservation ensures sustainable development. This paper looks at renewable energy as a means of combining employment creation with environmental conservation and identifies setting up renewable energy enterprises by local youth as a means of working towards sustainable development.

Additional Resources on Renewable Energy:

  • Renewable Energy Toolkit for Youth
    Researched and Developed by AREED for the Youth Employment Summit
  • Youth Employment Opportunities in the Renewable Energy Sector
    Developed by the Education Development Center, Inc.

  • Education for Work
    Author:Ms. Vivian Guilfoy and John Wong, Education Development Center

    Inequitable access to technology and the widening effect of globalization on the socioeconomic divide between the peoples of the world require a new vision for education in the 21st century---universal literacy in Work and Life (WL). The Work and Life Literacy model is a holistic approach that empowers individuals to establish a foundation for successful and productive work and life and pursue life-long learning. Aussie disponible en français.


    Entrepreneurship
    Author: Mr. Francis Chigunta, Wolfson College, Oxford University

    The main aim of this paper is to stimulate policy debate on the potential benefits of youth entrepreneurship as a viable career option, obstacles that stand in its way, and policy measures and strategies that can be initiated to support it. It discusses the status of youth enterprises and raises the key challenges that youth entrepreneurs face. It also looks at successful youth enterprise promotion programmes and 'best practices' and identifies areas for suggested actions. Aussie disponible en français.


    Investing in Youth Employment
    Author: Dr.Ponna Wignaraja, Chairman, SAPNA

    This paper provides constructive dissent to conventional solutions to mainstream approaches to youth alienation and unemployment in general and the double burden that poor youth face in particular, of being poor and searching for employment, creative work, self-respect and dignity. The underlying premise is that the numbers of youth searching for employment set at approximately 500 million are too large, for the problem to be solved by expansion of private and public sector growth, formal education and skill training programmes welfare measures, micro credit and subsidies or charity. Even in their own terms while these strategies may respond to some of the problems of these youth they are by themselves not adequate when the numbers are so large and majority are poor youth, who have a double burden and poor young women who have a triple burden. This paper provides an innovative approach and practical solutions based on lessons from the ground in Asia, Africa and Latin America to meet this challenge. Aussie disponible en français.


    Government Policies that Promote Youth Employment
    Author: Prof. Niall O'Higgins, University of Selerno

    In this paper, the way in which government's can promote youth employment is discussed. Various ways in which government policy can be improved are analysed including, better policy integration, the more widespread and effective use of Labour Market Information, the promotion of links between the labour market and educational systems, the involvement of the social partners and other relevant actors and the setting of targets and targeting particularly as regards the promotion of employment amongst disadvantaged young people. Aussie disponible en français.

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    Information and Communication Technology
    Author: Dr. Richard Curtain, University of Canberra

    The focus of the paper is on best practice examples from low and middle-income countries based around five best practice principles: promoting youth entrepreneurship; promoting public-private partnerships; targeting vulnerable groups of young people; and bridging the gap between the digital economy and the informal sector and putting young people in charge. Aussie disponible en français.


    Engaging the Private Sector
    Author: Dr.Steve Waddell, Organizational Futures

    Business has a critical role to play in addressing the issue of youth employment (YE). This is due to the vast resources it has at its disposal, its employment capacity, which extends indirectly to its suppliers, and the fundamental requirement that it operates within a healthy economy. How to engage business effectively, however, is a complicated issue since business is not directly motivated to solve the YE issue. This paper addresses the question: How can business be engaged in YE issues. It builds upon eight case studies from around the world, and identifies key motivations for business to be engaged and other important lessons. A summary of Engaging the Private Sector is also available. Aussie disponible en français.


    Rural Development
    Author: Mr. Virat Divyakriti
    Aussie disponible en français.

    Transition to Work
    Author: Mr.Sanjay Nagi, Principal Consultant, Market Insight Consultants
    Aussie disponible en français.


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    BREAKOUT SESSIONS
    Youth Employment and HIV/ AIDS
    Author: Ms.Cheryl Vince Whitman, Senior Vice- President, Education Development Center, Inc
    Aussie disponible en français.

    Micro Enterprise as a Means of Youth Employment
    Author: Mr. V. Satyamurthi, AIAMED

    NEPAD and Youth Employability
    Author: Ciré Kane and Cheikhou Thiome, NEPAD
    Aussie disponible en français.

    Promoting Youth Employment in Post-Conflict Reconstruction
    Author: Mr. Ajmal Pashtoonyar, Afghan Youth Organization (AYO)





    REGIONAL SESSIONS
    Western Asia
  • Youth Employment in the ESCWA Region
    United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

  • Asia Pacific
  • Youth Employment in the Asia-Pacific Region: Prospects and Challenges
    United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)

  • Europe
  • Youth Entrepreneurship Policies and Programmes in the UNECE Member States
    United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)


  • Latin America and Caribbean
  • Youth and Employment in Latin America and the Caribbean: Problems, Prospects and Options
    United Nations Economic Commission for Latin American and the Caribbean (ECLAC)


  • Africa
  • The Socio-Economic Situation of Youth in Africa: Problems, Prospects and Options Francis Chigunta
  • Youth and Employment in the ECA
    United Nations Economic Commission for Africa




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